Process for producing facsimiles of oil-paintings.



UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

HnRRRRT FREDERICK GRIBBLE, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA, AssIeNoR'oF ONE-HALF :To FRANK AUGUSTUS ROLPH, oF- TORONTO, CANADA.

Y PROCESS Fon PRoDUerNerAcsmmEs oF omrnmmes.

To all 'whom 'it may v Be it known that I, HERBEBTKFREDERICK GRmnLn, a subject o the -King of Great Britain, residing in the city of Toronto, county of York, Provinceof Ontario, inthe Dominion of Canada, have invented a-new and useful Process for Producing Facsmiles of Oil-Paintings; and I do hereby declare that theiollowingis a full, clear, andexact description of the same.

.This invention relates to a process for producing iac' similes of oil paintings and the object of the invention is to reproduce oil paintings by lithographie process so that the production closely resembles the original painting and may be washed and treated in the salne manner, and it consists essentially of the various steps as described in detail in the following specication and illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming surface oi the backing. Fig. 5 shows the whole co'rnv posite sheet applied' to the canvas. Fig. 6 shows the composite sheet with the flexible holding removed.

Like numerals of reference indicateA corresponding partsineach ligure. l,

The process is'carriedout in the following manner.

Rofoning 'io uio drawings 1 io o iioniblo holding formed preferably of a sotabsorbent paper. One surface oi the `flexible holding l iscompletely coated or cov-- ered over with a clearsolve'nt substance 2 suchas arabic, though .itmust be understood that any cleary solvent substance, suitable for the purpose, may be applied. The prepared sheet is then set aside to dry. When the prepared surface of the-liexible holding is sufficiently solidied the said holding is applied with ithe solvent surface downward to a lithograph stone on which thedesign of the painting has been made and uponwhich a coating of ink-has been placed. The sheet is then subjected to pressure in the usual manner' i by the action oi the press andthe ink 3 transferred to.

the prepared surface. The design is drawn upon :the stone in the usual lithographic manner, though worked out in the reverse manner from the Vordinary lithographic process for printing direct on the paper.

The prepared surface oi the liexible holding is applied to the various stones upon which the drawings for the' various colors contained in the picture are drawn, and the colors printed thereon, each color being Specification of Letters Patent. Appiiooiion nod July 21,1906. Sonnino; 327,237.2

'Patented .my 2s, 1907.

printed ou'oonnivoiy nnA oooh preceding oolonioany,

the process following exactly the ordinary'lithoglaphic' process in this respect until all the colors have'beeln transferred from the various stones 'to the solvent sur; face of the flexible holding. The ink of the last color printed 'upon the vprepared surface of the ileiible hold; l'

ingis allowed to dry thoroughly then coMing 4 composed of llakewhite and lithographie varnish is spread over the whole printed surface of vthe liexible holding, orming. a white ground completely covering all the colors that have been printed upon the solvent surface of the said iiexible holding. The preparation used for the said ground to the ink of the colors soV colors together. The said coating may be applied in any suitable manner but is preferably applied'to the sheetin the same manner as the various' colors are applied, tha't' is, -by p the sheets through thellithograph' printing press, the rollers of which are covered with theV preparation previously rnentionedl Jlhe sheet is then Vset aside and allowed to dry tllmllghlythe white ground forming a backing to the colors.

The use of the white ground previously described is thepreferable methodof covering the colors of the picture and is distinctly for the purpose of forming a pure white ground tothe colors, such as is given in the printing Vof the picture upon the white paper, so that the thindelicate colors and tinfs in the'picture, will, in 'the finished picture, show in their proper colors and not be influenced by the darker color of the canvas backing on whichthe picture linally rests. The white ground is not absolutely required as a binder, though it is preferable for the maintenance of the popern.

As a binder for holding, it is not necessary to the hansheld on ydesired to place the picture is'prepared in the usual' manner necessary for artists use, the suface being primed in order to form a propersuriace to receive the -paint or color. When the flexible holding, upon which the colors have been printed, and which has been covlered with the white backing, as previously described,

is thoroughly dry, a coatingY 6 oi an adhesive material, preferably composed of Canada balsaln and lithograph varnish is spread over the whole surface of the white ground. The adhesive coating 6 be applied in any suitable manner but it is found preferable to apply it by passing the sheet through a handlpress, the roller of which is covered with the'said preparation.

The flexible holding 1 io roken from the prono neen unprepared sur having the coating of adhesive material 6 applied to the surface of the white ground 4 and placed upon the surface of the canvas 5, or other material which has been previously primed, tact with the primed surface of the said fabric. Y The composition`of Canada balsam and lithcgraphic varnish forms a very strong adhesive and the flexible holding -is placed upon the canvas While the adhesive preparation is still in a sticky or tacky condition." The composite sheet 7 Y composed of the sheet of textile fabric 5 and the flexible holding' l having the colors 3 printed upon the gummed surface thereof is then subjected to pressure. The pressure applied to the composite sheet `presses the surface which is covered with the preparation 6 of Canada balsam and lithographie varnish thoroughly down to the primed surface of the textile fabric thereby causing the adhesive coating to partly permeate the texture of the fabric uniting the two sheets. In applying pressure to the composite sheet to thoroughly unite the canvas and color portion, the pigment forming the colors will be pressed into the texture or grainA of the canvas and as the adhesive covers all portions of the back of the 'color it will bethoroughly united inthe numerous in with, the adhesive surface in con dentations in the surface of the` said canvas and cannot blister or loosen therefrom in any manner and as the composition of lithographie varnish and Canada balsam is perfectly flexible it-will not harden the canvas nor -will it make the color liable to chip'off but will really unite the color to the priming of the canvas at all points. The lexibleholding is then dampened on the back or face and as the said flexible holding is composed of a soft absorbent paper, the moisture' will readily pass through the paper and dissolve the surface of the solvent coating of gum adhering to the other side thereof. 'l The flexible holding'may then be stripped off, themoisture having permeated the saidV holding and loosened the solventy coating from theunder surface,

leaving the colors printed upon the said solvent surface thereof firmly attached to the surface of the white ground or backing. A y

The moisture passing through the flexible holding loosens the gum from the under surface and a certain amount ofthe ,gum will remain adhering to the face of, the picture, this guni may be removed ornot as desired. 'It'has been found in practice that a greater quantity of gum remains adhering to the surface'of the picture over the darker' portions of the same thus accomplishing a result which artists, making original paintings accomplish bygumming the shadows and'darker portions of' the picture.-

The adhesive substance forming the'A coating spread over. the surface of the flexible holding-firmly secures the'white-backngto the canvas or other fabric and the moisture contained' in the substance evaporates through the said fabric. By mixingCanada balsem with lithograplgiic':A `var "nisha very strong'and peculiar adhesive 'is obtained Whit-:h securely cementsgth'e white ground,1 formed by Vthe'lithr'igraphic-varnish. and iake lwhite, to the lsurface of the canvas, and when dry is per.

lfectly flexible and willnot crack. It also'seems to perl meate the texture of the fabric'n the manner very simif lar tothe body'fzolors .used making an o il painting therebygiving the same result.

' The process herein described produces a picture upon canvas or other textile o'r absorbent material, forming a remarkably close resemblance to an originaloil paint# ing and overcomes the many ditliculties hitherto met with in attempting to print colors directly upon a'textile fabric. Y

What I claim as my invention ish-A of oil paintings and the like, consisting in first coating a sheet of abso`rbent lpaper material with a soluble gummy substance, then printing the colors on said gummy coating subsequent-to the drying thereof and showing the piture inverted thereon, then applying to said colors subsequent to thev thorough drying thereof a coating of adhesive substance, then bringing said adhesive substance in a tacky conditionintovcontact with a prepared sheet of suitable material `and exerting' pressure to drive said adhesive into the pores of said material, and finally dampening the aforesaid sheet of paper material and th'ereby'loosening it and a part of the gummy substance from the face of the colorings of the picture for the purpose of removal therefromA as specified.. 1

2. The hereinV described process of'pi'oducing fac-similes of oil paintings and the like, consisting in first coating a sheet of absorbent paper material with a solublegummy substance, then printing the colors on said gummy coating subsequent to the drying thereof and showing the picture inverted thereon, then applying to said picture subsequent to the thorough drying thereof a coating ofadheslve substance which' is flexible, ti-ansparerit and insoluble'when dry, then' bringing said adhesive in its tacky condition into contact Withga prepared sheet of suitable material and ex'- crting pressure to drive said adhesive into the pores of said' prepared material, and finally dampening the i aforesaid sheet of paper material and thereby loosening it and a part 1. The herein described process of producing fac-similes of the gummy substance from the colorings of lthe, picture foithe purpose of removal therefrom, as specified.

3. The herein described process of producing fac-similes ,of oil paintings andthe like, consisting in first coating a sheet of absorbent paper material'with a solution of gum l.

arabic and allowing th'e same' to dry, then ,printing the colors ofthe picture inverted'on said gummed surface and' allowing them to dry thoroughly, then coveringl the picture with `a pure white coating and allowing it to dry thoroughly, then applying to said white coating a coating of adhesive substancewvhich is flexible, transparent and in1 solublewhen dry, then applying the adhesive surface in a tacky condition to the surface of a prepared sheet of suitable absorbent material and exerting pressure to drive said adhesive into the pores of said prepared material, and

finally dampening the aforesaid sheet of paper material 'sufficiently .to loosen it and apart of the gum from -the surface of the colpr of the picturefor the purpose of rev moval therefrom as specified.

4. The herein described process of producing fac-smles of oil,A paintings and the like, consisting in rst coating a sheet of 'absorbent paper material with a solution of gum arabic and allowing the .same to\dry, then printing'the colorsofthe picture inverted onsaid gummed surface and allowing them to dry thoroughly, then applying to said colors 4a coating of adhesive substance which is flexible, transparent and insoluble when dry, thenfcoating a sheet of canvasor other textile fabrlc with a suitable priming and allowing. the sameto dry, then applying theadhesive lsurface of Ithe printed sheet in a tacky condition to the` face of the" pigment of the picture and removing the same as specified;- K A I 5. Theherein described process'of-producing fac-smlles ,of oil paintings and the like, consisting in first coating a sheet of'absorbent paper material withfa solution of gum arabic and allowing vthe same' to dry, then printing.' the vlil colors of the picture inverted on said gummsd surface and allowing them to dry thoroughly, then passing the-printed sheet through a pressandapplying to the colored surface an adhesive coating of a mixture 'of lithograph varnish and Canada balsam, then applying said adhesive surface in a. tacky condition tothe surface of a primed sheet of canvas, then subjecting the composite sheet to pressure and forcing the adhesive into the pores of the canvas and depressing the pigments into the grain of the canvas, then' 10 dampening the back of the absorbent paper material, and

finally removing said)paper material and a portion of the gum from the surface of the picture, as specified.

Signed at the city ot Toronto, in the county of York, Province of 0ntarlo, ink the Dominion of Canada,'this 9th day of July, 1906.

Witnesses H. DENNI'soN; E. WILKIN. 

